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During pregnancy, maternal hemorrhage is a significant risk. It could cause maternal morbidity and mortality. Intraoperative cell salvage is becoming more common in obstetric surgery worldwide for women who are at risk of peripartum hemorrhage after cesarean delivery. It includes a collection of the patient's blood from the surgical field, cleansing away the contaminants, and re-infuse it to the patient, avoiding the dangers and expenses of allogeneic transfusion.

For a long time, wounds of the heart have been untreatable and fatal. The first cardiac wound was healed in the USA by St. Louis in 1891. In 1923, the first surgery (closed-heart surgery) was performed by Levine and Cutler in Boston, which also helped treat mitral stenosis via commissurotomy. After 35 years, open-heart surgery came into place with different health challenges, precautions, and red flags.

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented challenge to the lifestyle of people, public health. The impact is felt in finance, business, travel, tourism, education, and other sectors of the company. People have been cautious, and that is why they introduced the lockdowns. However, there is a need to make predictions on different factors such as when the pandemic would and end and the duration of the lockdown so that necessary action is taken.

The FDA, on December 16, identified the recall by Getinge/Datascope/Maquet of its Cardiosave Hybrid and Cardiosave Rescue Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumps (IABPs) as Class I, the most serious.

The single most significant factor for improving RV (right ventricular) failure is recognizing and anticipating it. Therefore, therapies and medications for RV failure should focus on enhancing coronary RV perfusion, optimizing pre-load, and lowering PVR (pulmonary vascular resistance).

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a serious and sometimes fatal congenital diaphragmatic abnormality. The abdominal contents migrate into the pleural cavity, and the deficiency is accompanied by a range of lung and pulmonary vascular bed maldevelopment. Advanced life-support methods, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), are frequently required in patients with increasingly severe diseases.

In the previous few decades, the usage of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) technologies has skyrocketed. Despite medical and scientific breakthroughs, the intricate interplay between the human body, blood, and artificial materials remains a major problem in the ECLS sector. Blood exposure to artificial surfaces does cause an imbalanced activation of the coagulation cascade, which can result in hemorrhagic and thrombotic events.

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has increased in patients requiring intensive care around the world. Many critically ill patients with severe respiratory distress syndrome caused by SARS-CoV2 infection develop acute kidney injury (AKI) and require renal replacement therapy (RRT), putting RRT delivery capacity in disease outbreak at risk.

Several different well-developed stratification systems can help estimate the outcomes after the surgeries. According to the clinical experiences, other factors can also influence the post-op outcome, other than the stratification of physiological risk. Most of these factors are psychological, functional, and social. 

Children are often hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) due to respiratory failure.