Valvular heart diseases (VHD) that cause stenosis and regurgitation in heart valves, such as congenital, rheumatic, and degenerative heart illnesses, require constant clinical monitoring. Aortic or pulmonary valve anomalies are responsible for 33% of congenital heart disorders. Although patients with VHD have received transcatheter therapies and minimally invasive operations, the bulk of valve replacement surgeries…