Children are often hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) due to respiratory failure. The vast majority of children, who require mechanical ventilation, can be supported with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV), but refractory hypoxemia or hypercapnia may necessitate more advanced modes of ventilation, such as high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), high-frequency percussive ventilation (HFPV), high-frequency jet…